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ITALIE (aeromobili)  wiki-fr  wiki-en  Italia Air force    Storia del trasporto aereo italiano  Aircraft Directory: Italy   

AERAUTO SA 
Formed shortly before the Second World War to build a two-seat roadable monoplane.

AERMACCHI ²      MB.326  MB.339  
Name for Macchi after 1961, as a subsidiary of Aeronautica Macchi (see Macchi entry for MB.326 program). Production began 1960 of Aermacchi-Lockheed AL.60 light cabin monoplane, built under rights obtained from Lockheed of USA. 1981 reorganization of Aeronautica Macchi into a holding company, with Aermacchi SpA as a

MB.339

AGUSTA 
 1907 
Costruzioni Aeronautiche Giovanni Agusta SpA. Foundations of the company were laid in 1907, when Giovanni Agusta built his first airplane. Several more built before First World War. Firm revived 1923, specializing in light aircraft; Ag.2 of 1927 was a small parasol monoplane, AZ-10 twin-engined civil transport of 1954 was designed by Filippo Zappata (noted for his work with CANT and Breda). After Second World War built fixed-wing four-seater. In 1952 Agusta was granted a license to build Bell Model 47 helicopters. First Agusta-built example flew May 1954, and over 1,200 were built before production ended in mid- 1970s. The company also produced Bell Iroquois models as Agusta-Bell 204B and 205, twin-engined Model 212 (still offered as AB-212 Naval/Skyshark) and Model 206 JetRanger (still offered as AB-206B JetRanger III) helicopters. In 1967, under Sikorsky license, production of SH-3D helicopters began, and in 1974 production of HH- 3F (S-61R); production of final HH-3F Combat SAR version lasted into mid-1990s. Together with Elicotteri Meridionali, SIAI-Marchetti, and other Italian companies, Agusta became involved in production of the Boeing Vertol CH-47C Chinook. Other license-built helicopters include AB-412EP/Griffon/Maritime Patrol versions of the Bell 412EP and Griffon, AMD-500E version of the McDonnell Douglas (now Boeing) MD 500E, and Agusta-Boeing 520N NOTAR helicopter.

Agusta-designed helicopters include the twin-turboshaft A109 civil/military multipurpose type (flown August 1971), A 119 Koala single-turboshaft wide-body helicopter (first flown February 1995), and A129 Mangusta tandem two-seat attack helicopter (first flown September 1983) and its more-powerful International variant with five-blade main rotor as standard (first flown January 1995). Partnered with GKN Westland on the EH 101 helicopter program (see E.H. Industries Ltd.) and with Eurocopter Deutschland, Eurocopter, and Fokker on NH Industries NH90 helicopter. 

Elicotteri Meridionali 
Formed by Agusta in 1963 as part of industrialization program in south Italy, operating Frosinone factory, which opened in October 1967, overhauling helicopters for Italian services. In April 1968 concluded agreement for license production of Boeing-Vertol CH-47C Chinook for Italian Army and for Iran. Also developed Agusta-designed EMA124 three-seat helicopter based on Agusta-Bell 47. Now known simply as Sesto Calende (VA) facility of Agusta. 
SIAI-Marchetti  
The former Savoia-Marchetti company (see below Societa Idrovolanti Alta Italia), the history of which it shares. Since 1946 engaged in overhaul and repair work and developed new aircraft. Types have included SA.202 Bravo trainer produced jointly with FFA in Switzerland; S.205

S.205, S.208

ALENIA AEROSPAZIO 
Founded December 1990 by merger of Aeritalia and Selenia. Has undertaken modernization of Aeritalia-produced F-104ASAs to improve weapon systems and maintainability. Participates in the Airbus A321, AMX, ATR, Eurofighter, FLA, and Tornado programs, plus the Dassault Falcon 2000. Provides continuing production and support for the G222 (most importantly now as the Lockheed Martin Alenia Tactical Transport System C-27J Spartan in association with Lockheed Martin of the USA), produces aerostructures for the MD-11 and 717 airliners for Boeing, conducts modification and maintenance programs for commercial and military aircraft, and takes part in space programs among other activities.

AMBROSINI ⁹    1939  S.A.I.3  S.7  S.S.4  S.107  S.207  S.403  Sagittario  Sagittario II  Ariete  
After incorporation of Societa Aeronautica Italians with Ing A. Ambrosini & Cie (Ambrosini was a pioneer pilot), specialized in fast tourers and sporting monoplanes, though SA11 was biplane. SAI 7 held speed record in its category. S.S.4 was experimental tail-first fighter.

S.7

  ANSALDO   AERONAUTICA ANSALDO SA 
Aeronautica Ansaido SA established late in First World War by engineering and shipbuilding firm of Gio. Ansaido (formed 1896). After the war a separate company was formed, Societa Aninima Aeronautica, Turin, though title was variously rendered. Ansaido achieved aeronautical eminence in 1917 by providing a single-seat fighter of original Italian design (Italy having previously used French types). Aircraft was A-1 Balilla. About 150 built; others, license-built in Poland, served well into 1920s. S.V.A.5 was also a fighter, though more notable for fast reconnaissance flights and record-breaking, which had Warrentruss wing bracing, later a characteristic of Fiat biplanes. Before Ansaido merged completely with Fiat, in 1925, company built A.300 two/three-seat multipurpose biplane, extensively produced and used. Hydrofoils fitted to a seaplane development of S.V.A.5 presaged later developments in UK and USA. Initials S.V. signified Savoia Verducci. Ansaldo/Fiat links were implicit in name Rosatelli. Pomilio name also linked by 1918 takeover

• AERONAUTICA D'lTALIA  
  Fiat-Aviazione. Aeronautica d'ltalia SA was the aeronautical branch of Fiat, occupying the factories of the old Ansaldo company which it had absorbed by the 1920s, although the Ansaldo name was still used. For this company and the Societa Italiano Aviazione the name Fiat (or Fiat-Aviazione, or Fiat- Divisione Aviazione) was used after 1924. For an outline of development of Fiat types see under Fiat.
• AERONAUTICA MACCHI GROUP 
  Holding organization for Aermacchi and other companies, following 1981 reorganization. See Aermacchi and Macchi.
• AERONOVA COSTRUZIONI AERONAUTICHE 
  Established in the 1940s to manufacture a roadable monoplane designed by Ing. Pellarini. Designated Aeronova A.E.R.1, it was powered by a Lycoming flat-four engine, and the prototype made its first flight on May 9,1948
• AGOSTINI 
  Societa Aeroplani Livio Agostini was founded by Livio Agostini and Adriano Mantelli. Products were marketed as Alaparma. 
• ALAPARMA SPA 
  Founded 1945 to develop A.M.6 twin-boom aircraft with engine of pusher configuration, first built 1942. To this formula made ultralight A.M.8, also A.M.10 two-seater. A.M.75 Baldo was one of same series, all designed by Adriano Mantelli
• ANTONI 
  Societa Italiana Brevetti Antoni completed in 1923 an experimental aircraft with variable-camber wing using patents and designs of Ing Guido Antoni. Firm was wound up shortly afterwards. Antoni, an inventor in several fields, was first associated with aviation in 1912.
• AVIA   seeabove
  Azionaria Vercellese Industrie Aeronautiche; first flew F.L.3 two-seat cabin monoplane in 1939, and 400 built between 1939 and 1942. Production resumed after the war, until the end of 1947, when company was absorbed by Francis Lombardi. Types known as Lombardi (AVIA) included L.M.5 Aviastar, first produced 1945.
• AVIAMILANO COSTRUZIONI AERONAUTICHE 
  During 1950s, after production of Falco F8L was transferred, under license, to Aeromere, the company continued to build P.19 two-seat trainer and F.14 Nibbio four-seat cabin monoplane, a development of Falco. Aviamilano also built prototype of F.250 three-seat cabin monoplane, but sold rights to Siai-Marchetti. Aviamilano Construzioni Aeronautiche went into liquidation 1968.
• AVIOLIGHT SRL 
  Founded 1988 by Partenavia, see below, Tecnam, and Avio Interiors to manufacture the Partenavia-developed P.86 Mosquito two-seat lightplane (first flown 1986). Also assigned P.66D Delta two/three-seater. 
  AFIC (Pty) Ltd,  SOUTH AFRICA  
  Formed 1967 to build developed version of Italian Partenavia P.64B, designated RSA 200. Production was suspended pending new arrangements for manufacturing facilities.
  VulcanAir SpA. 
  Established 1989, and in 1996 was purchased by a new holding group to develop aircraft manufacturing, maintenance, airtransport, and other aviation related tasks, plus a flying school for commercial crews. Has taken over the SF600A Canguro multipurpose transport from SIAI-Marchetti (first flown 1978) and in 1998 purchased rights and tooling for former Partenavia's P 68 series of transport aircraft (P 68, Observer 2 and Viator).
• AZIONARIA VERCELLESE INDUSTRIE AERONAUTICHE 
  See avia above

BREDA  ³    Ba.25  Ba.65  Ba.88 Lince
A large industrial concern based in Milan, Societa Italiano Ernesto Breda began the construction of aircraft in 1917. In the immediate postFirst World War years, when no production aircraft were being built, concentrated on research and constructed a number of experimental aircraft. Began the construction of all-metal aircraft in 1922. Production aircraft have included Breda 15 two-seat lightweight

Ba.65

• BACINI E SCALI NAPOLETANI  
  1923 This company established an aircraft department in 1923 to carry out repairs to seaplanes and flying-boats on behalf of the Italian Air Ministry. Began in the late 1930s to manufacture components for the Italian aircraft industry and to build aircraft under subcontract for the Regia Aeronautica.
• BERGAMASCHI CANTIERI, AERONAUTICI 
  1927 Originally operator of a flying school, began in 1927 to build single-seat and two-seat training aircraft, the Bergamaschi C-1 and C-2 respectively, which incorporated improvements to facilitate flying training. These included a well-sprung landing gear and aerodynamic features to improve stability. Absorbed into Caproni group 1931 as Caproni Aeronautica Bergamasca.
• BONOMI 1929 Bonomi 25 Monoplan. 
  In 1929 Aeronautica Vittorio Bonomi built a two-seat cabin monoplane to the design of Ing Abate. This was developed subsequently by Captain Bonomi and produced as the Bonomi 25 Monoplane.

CANSA 
Name of Costruzioni Aeronautiche Novaresi SA assumed May 1,1936 by former Aeronautica Gabardini SA. Head office and factory at Cameri; began with repair and maintenance work on aircraft and engines. First product was C.5 single-engined one/two-seat training biplane (Fiat or Alfa Romeo engine), built in some numbers in late 1930s for civil market. The C.6 was a less successful development. CANSA then became subsidiary of Fiat, see below,  producing small numbers of F.C.12 fighter/trainer monoplane (first flown 1940) and also the F.C.20 twin-engined ground- attack aircraft. 
Aeronautica Gabardini SA. Manufactured a 80 hp rotary-engined two-seat monoplane at Novara in 1913, used for a non-stop flight between Milan and Venice. Company subsequently opened factory at Cameri in 1914 to build a military version of this monoplane, powered by a smaller engine. Also built biplane trainers. Nothing more heard of company until it produced a two-seat light cabin monoplane, the Lictor 90, in 1935.

CANT 
Company originally called Cantieri Navale Triestino created 1923 as subsidiary of Cantieri Navali di Monfalcone to manufacture civil/military marine aircraft. Most designs produced between 1923-1930 were work of R. Conflenti, including such flying-boats as Cant 6 three-engined biplane bomber; Cant 6 ter, commercial transport version; Cant 7, 7 bis and 7 ter single-engined trainer biplanes; Cant 10 and 10 ter five/six-seat single-engined light transport biplanes; Cant 18 trainer; Cant 22 three-engined eight/ten-seat commercial transport; Cant 25 single-seat fighter. Landplanes included Cant 23 transport and Cant 36 trainer.

Company changed its name in 1931 to Cantiere Riuniti dell'Adriatico. Chief designer Filippo Zappata (formerly of Bleriot) completely reorganized the company 19331936. From 1934 most aircraft had Z prefixes, marine aircraft being numbered in 500 series, beginning with Z.501 Gabbiano biplane reconnaissance/bomber, first flown 1934. Followed by Z.504 two-seat fighter biplane flying- boat and Z.505 twin-float three-engined monoplane, both 1935. Latter developed into Z.506 (1936), built as reconnaissance/ bomber/ASR for Regia Aeronautica (Z.506B Airone) and as commercial transport for Italian airlines (Z.506A and C). Landplane version built by Piaggio, see below. Built Z.508 and Z.509, monoplane flying-boat bombers, and world's largest floatplane: Z.511 four-engined trans- Atlantic mail/freight variant, first flown 1943. The Z.515 twin-engined twin-float monoplane (coastal reconnaissance), built 1938-1939.

Landplanes (designated in 1000 series) included Z.1007 and 1007 bis Alcione three-engined bomber; Z.1011 twin-engined medium bomber/transport; Z.1012 three-engined transport; Z.1015 three-engined derivative of Z1017 bis, first flown January 1939 and used in torpedo trials early in the Second World War. Final type was Z.1018 Leone, twin-engined medium bomber intended to replace Alcione, probably Italy's best wartime design but too late to see service. Did not continue aircraft manufacture in the post-war period.

CAPRONI ^{7    Ca.3  Ca.4  Ca.101  Ca 133  Ca.306/309/310/314  Vizzola F5  Campini N.1}
Italy's oldest and, at one time, largest aircraft manufacturer, the Caproni group comprised more than 20 companies, of which the principal aircraft building members were Aeroplani Caproni Trento, Caproni Aeronautica Bergamasca, Caproni Vizzola SpA, Compagnia Nazionale Aeronautica, Aeronautica Predappio SpA, and Officine Meccaniche Reggiane SpA. The Isotta-Fraschini aero- engine company was also part of the group.

Company's founder, Count Gianni Caproni di Taliedo, eight-engined 'triple-triplane' of 1921, intended to

Ca.3

carry built and flew his first aircraft in May 1910, thereafter 100 passengers. After formation of Regia Aeronautica in associating with various partners until First World War. 1923 Caproni achieved success with such military aircraft Achieved an international reputation with the Ca 1 -Ca 5 as the Ca 36, Ca 73 and Ca 74. The following decade pro- series of large tri-motor biplane and triplane bombers, duced the Ca 101, Ca 111, and Ca 133 range of built by a company called Societa per lo Sviluppo del-"Colonial"

Ca.4

aircraft and a series of multipurpose recon- I'Aviazione in Italia, with factories at Taliedo and Vizzola. naissance/light bomber/transport types, production of which was shared with the Bergamasca subsidiary. Early post-war publicity gained by Ca 60, an enormous which was shared with the Bergamasca subsidiary.

Cantieri Aeronautici Bergamaschi (see below) had been absorbed by Caproni in 1931. Initially built Ca 100 and Ca 101, then built the new aircraft to the designs of Ing Cesare Pallavicino. Major production types during 1934-1944 were A.P.1 single-seat fighter, followed by the family of

Ca.101

multi-purpose twin-engined aircraft: Ca 309 Ghibli; Ca310/310 bis Libeccio; Ca 311 Libeccio; Ca 312 bis Libeccio; Ca 314, and 316.

More than 2,500 examples of the Ca 100 training/touring biplane were built during the 1930s; the Ca 161 bis, a single-seat single-engined biplane, set an international altitude record of 17,083m that remains unbeaten today in its class. The Caproni-Campini CC-1 of 1940 was Italy's first and the world's second aircraft to fly by jet propulsion, though it was not powered by a turbine. During the Second World

Ca.306/309/310/314

War the company was chiefly concerned with the production and development of the Ca 310-Ca 314 multipurpose twin-engined aircraft and with the Reggiane Re. 2000-Re 2005 series of single- seat fighters. During the lifetime of the group some 180 different types were built, in addition to licensed construction of almost as many by other designers.

The parent company went bankrupt in 1950. Aeroplani Caproni Trento survived the bankruptcy and in May 1952 flew Italy's first postwar jet light aircraft, the F.5, designed by Dott Ing Stelio Frati.

Caproni Vizzola

Campini N.1

Costruzioni Aeronautiche SpA was formerly the Scuola Aviazione Caproni, the oldest flying school in Italy, and became the last surviving part of the company until bought by Agusta in 1983, producing the Calif series of sailplanes and finally the C22J Ventura two-seat very light basic trainer with two Microturbo turbojet engines, first flown 1980. Earlier it remodeled the Ca 133 for ambulance and military transport duties and assisted in production of the Breda Ba 65. Its first original design had been the F.4 single-seat fighter designed by Ing F Fabrizi, flown in 1940. Prototype F.6 had more powerful engine. 
Cantieri Aeronautici Bergamaschi Originally operator of a flying school, began in 1927 to build single-seat and two-seat training aircraft, the Bergamaschi C-1 and C-2 respectively, which incorporated improvements to facilitate flying training. These included a well-sprung landing gear and aerodynamic features to improve stability. Absorbed into Caproni group 1931 as Caproni Aeronautica Bergamasca.

Caproni-AV.IS (Italie)

С.4 Легкий вспомогательный самолет C.4 Light auxiliaire avion

Caproni Vizzola (Italie)

F.4 Истребитель F.4 Fighter F.5 Истребитель F.5 Fighter F.6 Истребитель F.6 Fighter

CNA (Italie)  Compagnia Nazionale Aeronautica 1920

PM.1 Многоцелевой вспомогательный самолет PM.1 auxiliaires polyvalents avion

CNA 
Compagnia Nazionale Aeronautica, founded in 1920 at Cerveteri Aerodrome, Rome, moving to CNA-owned Littorio civil airport (Rome), eventually becoming a member of Caproni group. Mainly a license builder of others' designs, but in mid/late 1930s own products included C.N.A.15 low-wing and C.N.A.25 high-wing four-seat cabin monoplanes (both CNA-engined). During 1939-1940 said to have produced PM1 two-seat high-wing monoplane with flat-four engine.

• CENTRO VOLA A VELA 
  See CW  ==>  Centra Volo a Vela, Politecnico di Mario, fundamentally a research and development center attached to Milan Polytechnic after Second World War to study soaring flight. Production included gliders and sailplanes, but in the late 1940s/early 1950s the Centra Volo a Vela also produced prototypes of the P.110 three/four-seat cabin monoplane and P.M. 280Tartuca single-seat low-wing monoplane
• CH-7 HELICOPTERS HELI-SPORT SRL 
  Produces the CH-7 Angel single-seat ultralight kit-built helicopter (well over 130 delivered since 1992 at time of writing) plus the CH-7 Kompress tandem two-seat version (kits delivered since mid-1998).
• CMASA 
  Costruzioni Meccaniche Aeronautiche SA; previously SA Industrie Aeromarittime Gallinari, see below; established 1922 at Marina di Pisa as Societa di Costruzioni di Pisa, see below,  to license-build Dornier Wal flying-boats. Title CMASA adopted in 1930; became subsidiary of Fiat, see below,  same year. Production included G.8 two-seat aerobatic training/ touring biplane (1934); M.F.4 radial-engined flying-boat (1933); M.F.5 (development of Wal); M.F.6 two-seat fighter/reconnaissance floatplane; M.F.10 two-seat fighter/reconnaissance shipborne flying-boat (1935); BGA twin-engined floatplane/bomber (1936); and twin-engined, twin-float R.S.14 reconnaissance seaplane. The latter was the most successful, serving throughout Second World War. Assisted also in production of Fiat fighters in late 1930s/early 1940s. Activities suspended on Italian Armistice (September 1943). The C.S. high-speed monoplane and J.S.54 six-engined civil flying-boat were then under development, but never produced.
• CNT Cantiere Navale Triestino 
  See Cantiere Navale Triestino ==> CANT above 
• COSTRUZIONIAERONAUTICHE TECNAM SRL 
  Formed 1986 as a member of the Associazione Italiana Costruttori Aerodine da Diporto e Sportive. Constructs the P92 Echo two-seat braced high-wing ultralight (first flown 1993 and also available in kit form), and the P96 Golf two-seat low-wing ultralight (first flown 1997). In addition, manufactures components for A 109 and EH 101 helicopters, and ATR and Boeing airliners.
• CW Centra Volo a Vela 
  Centra Volo a Vela, Politecnico di Mario, fundamentally a research and development center attached to Milan Polytechnic after Second World War to study soaring flight. Production included gliders and sailplanes, but in the late 1940s/early 1950s the Centra Volo a Vela also produced prototypes of the P.110 three/four-seat cabin monoplane and P.M. 280Tartuca single-seat low-wing monoplane

• DORNIER 
  SMCA Dornier founded at Marina di Pisa in 1922 to produce the Dornier Wai flying-boat. A great commercial success, it was built also by Japan, Spain.and the Netherlands, and was used on both European and international routes during the 1930s
• DRAGON FLY SRL  
  Established 1993, produces the Dragon Fly mod 333 two-seat piston-engined light helicopter (certificated June 1996). HELIOT variant is for military and civil special operations, with a 661 Ib (300 kg) useful load and is fitted with a camera and color monitor; can carry an external module to permit unmanned remote flying; with module removed, HELIOT can be piloted.

• ELICOTTERI MERIDIONALI 1963 
  Formed by Agusta in 1963 as part of industrialization program in south Italy, operating Frosinone factory, which opened in October 1967, overhauling helicopters for Italian services. In April 1968 concluded agreement for license production of Boeing-Vertol CH-47C Chinook for Italian Army and for Iran. Also developed Agusta-designed EMA124 three-seat helicopter based on Agusta-Bell 47. Now known simply as Sesto Calende (VA) facility of Agusta.
• EUROALA 
  Produces Jet Fox JF 97 as two-seat microlight with piston engine carried above high-mounted wing, developed from JF91 microlight.
• EUROFLY 
  Produces FireFox and simplified BasicFox tandem two-seat microlights.
• EUROSPACE AERONAUTICAL CONSTRUCTIONS 
  Currently offers a series of four-seat civil and military training and touring lightplanes under the F-15-F Excalibur name (first flown October 1994), with deliveries from 1998

FIAT, SOCIETA PER AZIONE ¹³    

BR.20 "Cicogna"

• FERRARI ULM 
  Offers Olimpios two-seat cabin monoplane and Tucano single-seat microlight in assembled and kit forms.
• FINMECCANICASPA 
  Holding organization for Agusta, Alenia, FIAR and other companies.
• FLYSYNTHESIS SRL 
  Markets high-wing Storch two-seat cabin microlight in assembled and kit forms, plus low-wing Texan.

• GABARDINI SA ¹  Gabardini G.9 
  ^{1913 Manufactured a 80 hp rotary-engined two-seat monoplane at Novara in 1913, used for a non-stop flight between Milan and Venice. Company subsequently opened factory at Cameri in 1914 to build a military version of this monoplane, powered by a smaller engine. Also built biplane trainers. Nothing more heard of company until it produced a two-seat light cabin monoplane, the Lictor 90, in 1935.}
• GALLINARI  
  This shipbuilding company built seaplanes during the First World War, and tested them at the Marina di Pisa.
• GENERAL AVIA  
  Established in 1970 by Dott Ing Stelio Frati, designer of a series of light aircraft from the Ambrosini F.4 to F.250 (subsequently developed as the SIAI SF.260), to develop aircraft of Frati design mostly for manufacture by other concerns. First was the F.20 Pegaso light twin; two prototypes built (first flown 1971) and an agreement was reached for production aircraft to be manufactured by Italair. Also designed the Canguro transport (developed by SIAI-Marchetti but became a VulcanAir type) and the Jet Squalus (see Promavia and Alberta Aerospace). Currently produces F.22 Pinguino two-seat aerobatic lightplane and trainer in several versions with retractable or fixed undercarriages (first flown June 1989), the F.22 Bupp variant with only fixed undercarriage and other changes, plus the F.220 Airone four-seat development
• GLASFASER ITALIANA SRL  
  Constructed prototype T-30 Katana. See PietroTerzi.

• INDUSTRIE MECCANICHE E AERONAUTICHE MERIDIONALI 
  ==> Meridionali. See above 
• INIZIATIVE INDUSTRIAL! ITALIANE SPA 
  III offers the composites-built Sky Arrow tandem two-seat monoplane in two versions, the 450T microlight in assembled and kit forms and certificated 650T/TC.
• ITALAIR SPA 
  Founded 1974 and intended to produce the General Avia F.20 Pegaso, but all rights returned to General Avia the following year

• LAVERDA SPA. Dr. Laverda 1964 
  Formerly Aeromere SpA, taken over by Dr. Laverda in 1964 to continue manufacture of the Super Falco under license from Aviamilano Costruzioni Aeronautiche.
• LOMBARDA (AERONAUTICA) SA 
  Succeeded Aeronautica Vittorio Bonomi in 1931, building light aeroplanes and gliders. After the Abyssinian War turned to military aircraft production. During Second World War built Heinkel He 111 and Loire 130.
• LOMBARDI & CIE 
  This Vercelli company took over in 1947 from the 1939 Avia (Azionaria Vercellesi Industrie Aeronautiche)
• LUALDI & CIE SPA. 
  Established at Rome in 1953, and built an experimental helicopter, the ES53, incorporating the Hitler Rotormatic system. Became Hitler agent. Designed the L.55, L.57, L.59, each larger and developed from original. L.59 built at the Aermacchi works in 1961, was delivered to the Army Department of the Ministry of Defense.
• LUCCHINI & C 
  Markets Speedy single-seat microlight in assembled and kit forms.

MACCHI ⁶    M.5  M.C.72  MC.94  C.200 "Saetta"  C.202 Folgore  C.205 Veltro
Founded in 1912 at Varese as Societa Anonima Nieuport- Macchi, specialising in marine aircraft. During First World War built L-1 license-manufactured Lohner L-40 flying-boats, M-3 fighter and M-5 biplane flying-boat, developed into M-7 which won 1921 Schneider Trophy, an achievement repeated by M-39 in 1926. MC.72 floatplane set world airspeed record of 709.19km/h onOctober 23,1933.

C.200 "Saetta"

• MAEFIN 
  Markets quick-build kit forTopFun two-seat monoplane.
• MANZOLINI Dl CAMPOLEONE 
  Designed Libellula coaxial single-seat light helicopter, first flownJanuary 7,1952, later developed as Libellula II with Walter Minor engine and certificated on 10ctober 15,1962; Libellula III two-seater followed with Walter M332 engine.
• MARINAVIA FARINA SRL 
  Founded in 1946 by industrial designer Domenico Farina with headquarters in Milan. Designed and built several gliders and sailplanes, and prototype QR.14 Levriero fourseat touring aircraft, powered by two de Havilland Gipsy Major 10 engines, first flown 1947, in which year it won Coppa dell'Aria at Milan.
• MERIDIONALI-AERFER SPA. 
  Succeeded Societa Aninima Industrie Aeronautiche Romeo, which had been formed in 1934 to absorb Officine Ferroviarie Meridionali's aviation activities; became part of Societa Italiana Ernesto Breda group. Developed Ro.37 two-seat reconnaissance biplane which served October 1936 with Italian Aviacion Legionaria during Spanish Civil War and equipped Italian Air Force reconnaissance units during Second World War. Also used operationally were Ro.43 two-seat, single-float catapult seaplane and single-seat fighter version, Ro.44.
• METEOR SPA COSTRUZIONI AERONAUTICHE 
  Established in 1947, initially manufactured series of gliders and sailplanes, turning to powered aircraft in 1953 when company acquired assets of Francis Lombardi & Cie, further developing FL.3 light aircraft, FL.53 two-seater, three-seat FL.54, and FL.55 four-seater. Own 110 hp Alfa 2 and 220 hp Alfa 4 engines powered two-seat Meteor Bis and four-seat Meteor Super

NARDI SA PER COSTRUZIONI AERONAUTICHE 
Established in Milan in 1933 by three brothers. Nardi's first aircraft was the F.N.305 tandem two-seat lightplane, which flew in 1935 and was intended as a fighter-trainer. A1938 successor, the F.N.315, was exported to six countries, and a light-attack version was flown experimentally. The first postwar product was the F.N.333 amphibian, a three/four-seat twin-boom design later acquired by SIAI-Marchetti and marketed from 1962 as the Riviera, and in America as the North Star amphibian.

PIAGGIO, RINALDO ²⁰   P.2  P.3  P.6target="_blank"  P.8   P.7  P.11  P.16  P.23  P.23R  P.32  P.50  P.108  P.119  P.136  P.148  P.150  P.149  P.166  PD-808  P.180
SA Piaggio & Co, an engineering and shipbuilding company, produced some Caproni aircraft and parts during the First World War, but subsequently abandoned aircraft manufacture until it took over Pegna & Bonmartini in 1923. First product was the Piaggio-Pegna pursuit monoplane with Hispano-Suiza engine. Later was associated with Societa di Costruzioni Meccaniche Aeronautiche in license-construction of Domier Wal flying-boats. Built P.32 twin-engined heavy bomber at end of 1930s and several four-engined P.108 heavy bombers during Second World War.

Resumed aeronautical work in late 1946 with conversion of Dakotas for airline service. Built P.136 five-seat twin-engined amphibian, prototype flying in 1948, followed by a series of trainers for the Italian Air Force; the P.149 was also license-built by

P.180

Focke-Wulf in Germany. Produced the P.166 executive transport in 1957, with two Lycoming engines and pusher propellers, as with the P.136; P.166-DL3 turboprop variant later developed and produced, with final P.166-DL3-SEM Maritime variant for search and surveillance, coastal patrol and other roles still available in 1998, but only to special order. Signed agreement with U.S. Douglas company in 1961 for joint development of light utility aircraft, first flown in 1964. Designated PD.808 and powered by two Bristol Siddeley Viper turbojets, only a small number was built.

The present Rinaldo Piaggio company was formed in February 1964 as a separate concern, but in 1994 was put under insolvency protection; 51 percent shareholding in the company was purchased by Tushav, a Turkish holding company, in mid-1998, and protection was thereafter lifted. P.180 Avanti twin-pusher turboprop business aircraft flown September 1986, but only 43 production aircraft ordered; turbofan derivative may be developed. Has manufactured components for Aeritalia/Alenia, AMX International, Dassault and Panavia.

• PARTENAVIA COSTRUZIONI AERONAUTICHE SPA 1949 
  A Naples company formed in 1949 to build series of light aircraft. First to enter production was the P-57 Fachiro of 1957, a four-seat high-wing monoplane with Lycoming engine. This was followed by various developments including the P.64 Oscar (first flown April 1965), also produced in South Africa under license as the RSA.200 by AFIC (Pty) Ltd, and the P.66 Charlie. Partenavia's first twin was the P.68 six-seat light transport, first flown in May 1970. It was subsequently placed into production in several forms, including the Observer 2 for observation and patrol. AP.68 TP-600 Viator 11 -seat transport followed in March 1985. New projects in the early 1990s included PD.93 Idea four-seat trainer and utility monoplane, but in March 1998 Partenavia ceased work and its P.68 series was bought via auction by VulcanAir SpA.
• PASOTTI SpA 
  In early 1950s built four-seat F.6 Airone cabin monoplane with two Lycoming engines, followed by a single-engine version, the F-9 Sparviero, with Hirth engine.
• PEGNA & BONMARTINI 
  Formed in early 1920s in Rome to take over aeronautical work of Pegna-Rossi-Bastianelli, comprising the P.R.B. flying-boat and a small sporting monoplane. Company taken over by Piaggio.
• PREDAPPIO SA 
  Division of the Caproni Group which produced two trainers in the late 1930s, the Ca.602 two-seat biplane and a single-seat aerobatic version, the Ca.603, both powered by Alfa-Romeo in-line engines.
• PROCAER 
  see Progetti below
• PROGETTI COSTRUZIONI AERONAUTICHE SPA 
  Based in Milan, Procaer built several aircraft to the design of Stelio Frati, the first being the Lycoming engined F15 Picchio, three-seat aerobatic monoplane, which flew in 1959. Cobra 400 two-seat light jet aircraft with Marbore engine was flown in 1960 but not developed. Late developments concerned the F15 and the F15F version built for Procaer by General Avia.

REGGIANE SA ⁴   Re.2000 Falco  Re.2001 Ariete I  Re.2005 Sagittario  Re.2002 Ariete II  
Built Caproni aircraft during First World War, but closed its aircraft department

Re.2001 Ariete I

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• RICCI BROTHERS 
  Shipbuilding company which began aircraft manufacture in First World War. Postwar, the R.6 single-seat and R.9 two-seat sports-triplanes were built around 1920, plus the large three-engine twin-hull R.I.B. flying-boat. Company closed down in about 1925.
• ROMEO 
  As Officine Ferroviarie Meridionaii in 1925, obtained rights to build Fokker aircraft under license, including the C.V., which was fitted with an Italian-built Jupiter engine and known as the Ro.1. Also built Fiat biplanes. In 1934 Societa Aninima Industrie Aeronautiche Romeo was formed to take over the aeronautical activities of Meridionali, but within two years there was another change of name to Societa Anonima Industrie Meccaniche e Aeronautiche Meridionali (SAIMAM), and indigenous types of aircraft were produced including the Ro.37 and 45 reconniassance biplanes, the Ro.41 single-seat fighter, and the Ro.43 two-seat fighter seaplane. By 1936 SIAMAM had become part of Breda.

SAIMAN 
==> Societa Anonima Industrie Meccaniche Aeronautiche Navali. Founded 1929, SAIMAN specialized in repair and maintenance of marine aircraft and boats. In 1932 built experimental C.10 monoplane with variable-incidence wing. During 1934-1938 made SAIMAN 200 two-seat trainer biplane and 201 and 202 two-seat touring monoplanes. SAIMAN 204 of 1939 was an experimental derivative, but LB.4 made by the company in 1938 was a very different twin-boom airframe with tricycle landing gear.
 

SIAI-MARCHETTI SOCIETA PER AZIONI ⁸   S.M.102  FN.333  SF.260  S.205, S.208  S.M.1019  S.210  S.211  SF-600TP
The former Savoia-Marchetti company (see below Societa Idrovolanti Alta Italia), the history of which it shares. Since 1946 engaged in overhaul and repair work and developed new aircraft. Types have included SA.202 Bravo trainer produced jointly with FFA in Switzerland; S.205

S.205, S.208

• SG AVIATION (INDUSTRIA AERONAUTICA ITALIANA) 
  Markets two- and three-seat versions of the Storm monoplane in assembled and kit forms
• SIAI 
  ==> SOCIETA IDROVOLANTI ALTA ITALIA ²¹    S.8  S.12  S.13  S.16  S.19  S.55  S.56  S.59  S.62  S.71  S.66  S.73  S.M.79 "Sparviero"  S.72  S.M.81 Pipistrello  S.M.85/S.M.86  S.M.75  S.M.83  S.M.82 "Canguro"  S.M.84  S.M.95   
  Forerunner of present Siai-Marchetti organization (see Siai-Marchetti Societa Per Azioni). Founded 1915 by Luigi Cape at Sesto Calende, with a seaplane base on Lake Maggiore. As Idrovolanti Savoia built FBA flying-boats under license. Name "Savoia"had a geographical and historical connotation (House of Savoy), and after the war new flying-boats were known by the name Idrovolanti Savoia, or Savoia. These achieved early distinction, notably in the 1920 Schneider Trophy contest. Names Savoia and Marchetti were linked in 1922, when Alessandro Marchetti became technical director of company

  S.M.79 "Sparviero"

  renamed Societa Idrovolanti Alta Italia—Savoia-Marchetti. In 1925 the company gained publicity when an S.16ter was flown to Australia and Tokyo and back to Italy by Francesco De Pinedo. Famous types included the twin-hulled S-55 which, though first flown in 1924, is remembered chiefly for General Balbo's mass-formation flights of 1930 and 1933. Special long-range landplane S-64 broke world's duration and distance records in June 1930. Initials S. M. for type numbers were not commonly applied until later, and then particularly in association with fast 3-engined civil and military types. Most famous was S.M.79 bomber and torpedo bomber of Second World War. Civil types included the record-breaking S.M.75 of 1939. Last Second World War aircraft was S.M.91 twin-boom fighter-bomber, but S.M.84 bomber served as transport until 1948.

• SILVERCRAFT SPA 
  Formed early 1962. In October 1963 flew XY prototype light helicopter, further developed with financial and technical assistance of shareholder SIAI-Marchetti. SH-4 (flown 1963 in XY prototype form and 1965 as SH-4) was first helicopter of all-Italian design and construction to receive both Italian and U.S. certification. By late 1960s serious production had begun as SIAI-Marchetti/Silvercraft SH-4, but under name Silvercraft alone deliveries began 1970. Production ceased 1977, as single example of SH-200 two-seater first appeared.
• SIVEL SRL 
  Established 1990. SD-27 Corriedale two-seat touring and training lightplane offered for sale since 1998 (first flown 1992), and SD-28 Trittico more-powerful two-seat aerobatic and sporting aircraft to fly 1999.
• SOCIETA ANONIMA INDUSTRIE MECCANICHE AERONAUTICHE NAVALI 
  Founded 1929, SAIMAN specialized in repair and maintenance of marine aircraft and boats. In 1932 built experimental C.10 monoplane with variable-incidence wing. During 1934-1938 made SAIMAN 200 two-seat trainer biplane and 201 and 202 two-seat touring monoplanes. SAIMAN 204 of 1939 was an experimental derivative, but LB.4 made by the company in 1938 was a very different twin-boom airframe with tricycle landing gear.
• SOCIETA ANONIMA NIEUPORT-MACCHI  See Macchi above
• SOCIETA Dl COSTRUZIONI MECCANICHE Dl PISA 
  Established 1922 to build Dornier types under license. In that year built six Wai and two Delphin. Wai developed as special military type for Spanish Navy, with Rolls-Royce Eagle engines. In 1926 a machine of this type flew South Atlantic.
• SOCIETA ITALIANO AVIAZIONE 
  Had close Fiat links (like Ansaldo and several other Italian companies), and its S.I.A.7 and 9 series of two-seat reconnaissance- bomber biplanes, dating from 1917, were designed by Umberto Savoia and Rodolfo Verduzio. Structural weakness attributed to both, and Type 9 was rejected by Italian Army on this account, though accepted by Navy.
• TECNAM  See Costruzioni Aeronautiche Tecnam srl, above

• VERCELLESE INDUSTRIE AERONAUTICHE  
  Formed atVercelli about 1940 to produce F.L.3 light tourer. Little known of company activities during Second World War; possibly subcontractor for military aircraft. In 1946- 1947 was renamed AVIA, see above,  (Azionaria Vercellese Industrie Aeronautiche), continuing to develop F.L.3.
• VIBERTI  
  Formed shortly after Second World War by Dr. Angelo Viberti to build light aircraft. First product, Musca 1 two-seat tourer/trainer low-wing monoplane, first flown 1948; slightly modified Musca 1Ws appeared in 1949. There were designs for Musca 2 three-seat cabin monoplane and Musca 4 high-wing version of 1, and floatplane variant, but doubtful if they were built. Probably dissolved about 1950-1951.
• VULCANAIR SPA 
  Established 1989, and in 1996 was purchased by a new holding group to develop aircraft manufacturing, maintenance, airtransport, and other aviation related tasks, plus a flying school for commercial crews. Has taken over the SF600A Canguro multipurpose transport from SIAI-Marchetti (first flown 1978) and in 1998 purchased rights and tooling for former Partenavia's P 68 series of transport aircraft (P 68, Observer 2 and Viator).

  
The first Italian who flew did so on board a balloon in 1784. Exactly 100 years after Paolo Andreani's flight, the Army of the young Italian state was equipped with a number of balloons that took part in the first Italian expedition to East Africa in 1890.

Experimentation with aircraft in Italy was given a push by the visit of the French pioneer Delagrange (1908), and by Wilbur Wright, who flew in Italy and gave lessons on flying practice to two young Italian aviators. After that, aeronautical flight received a tremendous increase in activity and expansion, culminating in the first national event, the aerial circuit of Brescia in 1910.

While it is difficult to say who was the first designer and which was the first design of an Italian aircraft, it is important to note that the country was the first nation to employ aircraft for military applications-using it for observations (photography) as well as the launching of hand-bombs during the Libyan War in 1911.

At the beginning of World War I, the Italian aircraft industry was almost nonexistent and the Armed Forces were equipped with a very poor fleet (60 aircraft, 5 airships, and 12 seaplanes). However, aircraft were used for the launching of propaganda leaflets over Vienna in 1915.

The Italian aircraft industry started to take its first steps in 1910 when Gianni Caproni built a factory to produce large bombers. But the industry expanded tremendously during the war. By the end, 12,000 airplanes and 25,000 engines had been produced. Italy had become the fourth aeronautical power in the world, after France, the United Kingdom, and Germany.

The end of the war necessitated a re-conversion of the aeronautical industry in order to ensure the continued employment of the 300,000 people involved. Caproni was the first to promote and encourage the construction of large civil airplanes. But commercial airline companies had not yet been established in the country and the Italian industries had to market themselves to the foreign market. For this reason, Ansaldo Aviazione and Caproni organized several demonstration trips to European and South American countries.

The period between the two wars was characterized by great Italian exploits in sorties, air cruises, records, and sport victories. Among these were: speed record for seaplanes, as yet unbeaten (Macchi, 1934); the two air cruises through the Atlantic under Italo Balbo's leadership (South America, 1930; North America, 1934); and the Schneider Cup for seaplanes, which was won four times by the Italians.

The events of World War II were unsuccessful for Italy and its military aviation, essentially because of the overwhelming superiority of the Allied fleets in the central and final periods of the war. The MG 202, 205, the FIAT G55, and Italian fighters couldn't compare with the performance of American and British aircraft. At the end of the conflict, the Italian aviation industry no longer existed.

The period following WWII, though, can be considered the Renaissance of Italian aviation. In commercial activities, Alitalia is one of the most prestigious companies in the world. It started in 1947 with a very small fleet, and now its aircraft travel everywhere in the world. The Italian aeronautical industry had and still has its major representative in Alenia, the former Aeritalia. Under the direction of first-class designers such as Gabrielli, and eventually of his pupils and successors Cereti and Vallerani, Alenia has been involved in several military projects (Tornado, AMX, and EFA-Typhoon) and civil aircraft (Boeing 767, MD80s, and ATR42/72).

Provided to the AIAA for the sole purpose of its Evolution of Flight Campaign.

LIENS & sources  

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The Probert Encyclopaedia of Aircraft  

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